📈 Economic Dependencies: U.S. Trade with North American Neighbors vs. Global Partners (2023)

In 2023, Mexico and Canada showed substantial economic reliance on exports to the U.S., which accounted for 26.6% and 19.5% of their respective GDPs. In contrast, U.S. exports to these neighbors represented only a small share of its GDP—1.2% with Mexico and 1.3% with Canada. This asymmetry underscores the heightened economic vulnerability of Mexico and Canada to shifts in U.S. trade policies.

The trade dynamics with the European Union (EU) and China differ significantly. Exports to the U.S. made up 3.1% of the EU’s GDP and 2.4% of China’s GDP, whereas their contributions to the U.S. economy were much smaller—just 1.3% and 0.5% of U.S. GDP, respectively. This reflects a more balanced economic interdependence in U.S. trade with these global partners compared to its North American neighbors.