Every Mineral Deemed Critical to U.S. Security in 2025

Key takeaways

• A trade disruption of rhodium from South Africa was estimated to result in a net decrease of more than $64 billion in U.S. GDP over the course of one year. 
• Similarly, a disruption of niobium from Brazil was estimated to result in a net decrease of more than $10.4 billion in the U.S. GDP.
• China was the leading contributor to the probability-weighted net decrease in U.S. GDP of 46 of the 84 mineral commodities examined, including all the rare earth elements, gallium, germanium, tungsten, and magnesium metal.