📈 EU Crude Oil Imports: Major Shifts Post-Russia Sanctions (2021–2024)

EU sanctions on Russia, triggered by the 2022 Ukraine invasion, slashed EU crude oil imports from Russia by 89% (2.30 Mb/d to 0.26 Mb/d) from 2021 to 2024. The Americas and Africa significantly offset this decline: U.S. imports surged 88% (0.75 Mb/d to 1.40 Mb/d), Brazil 157% (0.18 Mb/d to 0.45 Mb/d), Guyana 1626% (0.02 Mb/d to 0.33 Mb/d), and Angola 403% (0.04 Mb/d to 0.18 Mb/d). Norway’s exports grew 36% (0.81 Mb/d to 1.10 Mb/d), Saudi Arabia 40% (0.47 Mb/d to 0.66 Mb/d), and Kazakhstan 48% (0.68 Mb/d to 1.00 Mb/d). This shift underscores a profound reconfiguration of EU oil supply chains.