Where Data Tells the Story
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Indonesia has more than 17,000 islands, but most of its people live on only a few of them. Java leads with over 151 million residents, making it the most populated island in the world. Its central role in politics, economy and infrastructure has drawn people for centuries, creating dense urban centers such as Jakarta, Surabaya and Bandung. Sumatra follows with about 60 million people, while Sulawesi and Kalimantan each hold tens of millions and continue to grow as development expands outside Java.
Papua, Bali, Madura, Lombok, West Timor and Flores add further depth to the population map, each supporting millions of people and distinct cultural traditions. Java dominates in numbers, but the outer islands provide vital resources, cultural heritage and biodiversity. Together they illustrate how Indonesia’s population is both concentrated and diverse, shaped by geography, history and economic opportunities.