Charted: The United States Dominates Canada’s Trade

What We’re Showing

This snapshot of Canada’s 2024 trade relationships reveals more than economic flows—it maps a geopolitical reality. By combining exports and imports, the data shows how Canada’s global trade is structured around one dominant partner, the United States, with all other relationships forming a distant second tier. The visual highlights concentration, dependence, and strategic alignment at a time when global trade is increasingly shaped by geopolitics rather than efficiency alone. Data reflects 2024 figures and is sourced from Trade Data Monitor via the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Key Takeaways

• The United States is the central pillar of Canada’s geopolitical economy. In 2024, Canada exported $419.8 billion to the U.S., representing 76.4% of all exports, while importing $238.5 billion, or 47.6% of total imports. This scale reflects not just commerce, but deeply integrated supply chains in energy, autos, agriculture, and defense-related manufacturing.
• Trade dependence reinforces strategic alignment. Canada’s economic security is closely tied to U.S. policy decisions—from industrial subsidies to energy transition strategies. At the same time, American manufacturing depends on Canadian oil, electricity, critical minerals, and intermediate goods, making the relationship mutually reinforcing rather than one-sided.
• Diversification remains limited in practice. While Canada trades with the European Union ($24.3B in exports) and China ($21.1B in exports), these ties lack the geopolitical weight of the U.S. relationship. In moments of global tension, Canada’s strategic options narrow toward Washington.
• In the current global climate, proximity is power. As sanctions, reshoring, and bloc-based trade reshape the global economy, Canada’s closeness to the U.S. functions as both a shield and a constraint. The data shows that Canada is not just trading with the United States—it is geopolitically embedded within a shared North American economic system.



Note: Data as of 2024; figures are rounded.

Source: Trade Data Monitor via WTO