Where Data Tells the Story
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After decades as a major net energy importer, the U.S. reached a record 11 quadrillion Btu of net energy exports in 2025. The United States has undergone a structural reversal in energy trade. In 2025, total U.S. energy exports reached a record 31 quadrillion British thermal units (quads), while imports fell to 21 quads. The difference produced a record 11 quads of net energy exports, 20% above the previous record set in 2024. The shift is dominated by fossil-fuel trade. Petroleum accounted for 63% of total U.S. energy exports in 2025. Natural gas exports reached a record 9 quads, representing 29% of total energy exports, and were four times their 2015 level. The United States first exported more total energy than it imported on an annual basis in 2019, the first time that had happened in 67 years. The 2025 data show that the reversal has since widened to a record surplus. KEY METRICS 2025 total energy exports: 31 quads 2025 total energy imports: 21 quads 2025 net energy exports: 11 quads — record Net-export increase vs. 2024: +20% Petroleum share of energy exports: 63% Petroleum imports: 17 quads Petroleum share of energy imports: 83% Natural gas exports: 9 quads — record Natural gas share of energy exports: 29% Natural gas export growth, 2015 to 2025: 4× CORE TAKEAWAY The U.S. moved from decades of net energy imports to a record net-export position. IMPORTANT CAVEAT “Net energy exporter” does not mean the United States imports no energy or is fully “energy independent.” The U.S. still imported 21 quads of energy in 2025. Energy companies simultaneously import and export different fuels and grades according to refinery needs, geography, infrastructure, prices, and global markets.