The Shape of Investment: Global FDI Sector Leaders in 2024

In the year 2024, which was marked by shifting capital priorities and a global economic recalibration, foreign direct investment (FDI) concentrated around a few strategic pillars.

From decarbonisation and digital transformation to high-tech manufacturing, 2024 saw investors redirect capital into sectors that reflect long-term structural bets. Here are the top 10 sectors by estimated capital inflows, based on The fDi Report, published in 2025.

Key Takeaways:

· Clean energy remained dominant, with renewable energy attracting $270.1 billion, retaining the top spot for the sixth consecutive year despite a decline in mega projects.

· Communications FDI rose sharply to $165.7 billion (up 83.6% YoY), led by a surge in data center investments and hosting infrastructure.

· Semiconductors drew $120.3 billion, marking their second-best year on record, driven by global expansions from major Asian foundries.

· Real estate and fossil fuels held firm, with $92.2 billion and $89.1 billion respectively, signaling sustained investor interest in traditional assets.

· While Software & IT led by project count (2,790), it brought in only $49.3 billion, showing a divergence between project volume and capital intensity.

· Automotive OEMs ranked 10th with $38.7 billion, as mobility transitions continue to reshape industrial investment priorities.

Note: Figures include estimates.

Source: The fDi Report 2025, fDi Markets (Financial Times Ltd.)