Where Data Tells the Story
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The olive market exhibits extreme market concentration, with the top three producers—Spain, Greece and Italy accounting for approximately 61% of the world's total production, based on 2020 data. Spain alone produces more than 2.6 times the output of the next largest producer, Greece. Furthermore, the collective output of the three leading non-EU Mediterranean countries—Tunisia, Türkiye and Morocco—is 4.72 million tonnes, significantly less than Spain's production. This market structure highlights the immense geopolitical leverage held by the Iberian nation in the global market for olives, making the sector highly susceptible to regional climate variability and harvest fluctuations in Southern Europe.