Youth Unemployment Ranged From 5% in the Netherlands to 19% in Romania

In 2023, more than one in ten (11.2%) young people aged 15 to 29 in the EU were neither in employment nor in education or training (NEET), a decrease of 0.5 percentage points (pp) compared with 2022. 

Over the last ten years, there was a noticeable decrease in the NEET rate among people aged 15 to 29. In 2013, the EU rate stood at 16.1% and it has decreased steadily since then, with the only exception being the COVID-affected 2020 when an increase was reported (from 12.6% in 2019 to 13.8% in 2020, followed by 13.1% in 2021).

In 2023, NEET rates among young adults varied considerably across EU countries, ranging from 4.8% in the Netherlands to 19.3% in Romania. Reducing this rate is one of the targets of the European Pillar of Social Rights. The goal is to lower the NEET rate of young people aged 15-29 to 9% by 2030. Data show that, in 2023, a third of the EU countries were already below the 2030 target of 9%, namely the Netherlands (4.8%), Sweden (5.7%), Malta (7.5%), Slovenia (7.8%), Luxembourg (8.5%), Ireland (8.5%), Denmark (8.6%), Germany (8.8%) and Portugal (8.9%).

In most EU countries, there were differences between the shares of NEET young women and young men. In 2023, 12.5% of young women aged 15–29 in the EU were NEET, while the corresponding share among young men was 10.1%.