The Population of EU Nations in 2025

On 1 January 2025, the EU population was estimated at 450.4 million inhabitants, 1 070 702 more than the previous year. This was the fourth consecutive year in which the EU population grew, following a decrease in 2021 caused by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

When considering a broader time frame, the population of the EU grew from 354.5 million in 1960 to 450.4 million on 1 January 2025, an increase of 95.9 million people. The rate of population growth has gradually slowed down in recent decades: the EU population increased, on average, by about 0.9 million people per year during the period 2005–2024, compared with an average increase of around 3 million people per year during the 1960s.

The population of EU countries on 1 January 2025 ranged from 83.6 million in Germany to 0.6 million in Malta. Germany (19% of the EU population), France (15%) and Italy (13%) were the most populous countries in the EU, comprising almost half (47%) of the total EU population on 1 January 2025.