Where Data Tells the Story
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In 2025, population growth trends across the G20 nations reveal sharp differences in demographic trajectories, with some countries continuing to grow rapidly, while others face accelerating decline.
This chart shows the annual population change across all G20 members, highlighting which countries are expanding and which are shrinking.
Saudi Arabia leads the G20 with population increase of 1.78% in 2025, reflecting strong immigration flows and a young demographic base. It is followed by South Africa (+1.16%), Australia (+0.98%), and Canada (+0.97%), countries where immigration continues to play a major role in offsetting aging trends.
India (+0.89%) and Indonesia (+0.79%), the two most populous developing economies in the group, continue to grow steadily, though at lower rates than in past decades.
Emerging economies such as Mexico (+0.83%), Brazil (+0.38%), Argentina (+0.34%) and Turkey (+0.24%) also have positive growth trends.
Several developed countries, including the United Kingdom (+0.60%), United States (+0.54%), and France (+0.15%), maintain modest growth driven mostly by migration and relatively higher birth rates compared to other developed peers.
However, countries like South Korea (-0.10%), Italy (-0.33%), Japan (-0.52%), Germany (-0.56%), and Russia (-0.57%) are experiencing negative growth, the result of aging populations, declining fertility rates, and limited inward migration.
European Union (-0.09%) is also experiencing population decline.
China (-0.23) which once the most populous country is also experiencing population decline.
With population decline increasingly common among the world’s largest economies, demographic momentum may become one of the defining economic challenges of the next few decades. Strategic planning will be key to addressing future economic and social challenges.